Reasons for Decrease in Performance of Reverse Osmosis Membrane and Strategies to Address It

Reverse osmosis membranes play a crucial role in water purification by effectively removing dissolved salts, colloids, microorganisms, and organic compounds. However, the performance of these membranes can deteriorate due to various factors such as surface fouling, physical and chemical changes, and microbial growth. In this article, we will explore the reasons behind the decline in reverse osmosis membrane performance and discuss strategies to mitigate these issues.

Reasons for Performance Decline:

• Surface Fouling: Accumulation of deposits on the membrane surface can lead to reduced water permeability and flux rates.

• Physical Changes: Compaction effects can decrease water permeation rates, while fluctuations in pH levels can cause membrane degradation.

• Chemical Changes: Exposure to free chlorine or other reactive chemicals can deteriorate membrane performance over time.

• Microbial Growth: Microorganisms can colonize the membrane surface, leading to biofouling and reduced efficiency.

Strategies to Address Performance Decline:

• Regular Maintenance: Implementing a maintenance schedule to prevent and remove surface fouling is essential for preserving membrane performance.

• Chemical Cleaning: Periodic cleaning with solutions like formaldehyde or sodium bisulfite can help restore membrane functionality.

• Proper Storage: Before and after use, storing membrane elements in a dark, cool environment with adequate humidity levels can prevent physical damage and microbial contamination.

• Anti-Freezing Measures: Protecting membranes from freezing temperatures is crucial to prevent structural damage.

• Soaking in Preservative Solutions: Using water or RO-filtered water with prescribed concentrations of preservatives like sodium metabisulfite can extend membrane life.